Over the past forty years of reform and opening up, the neo-liberalism has been the most influential Western trend of thought in China, and it has raised various controversies in China and seriously interfered with the direction and process of reform and opening up in China. The criticism of neo-liberalism has been one of the key concerns of our Party and the Marxist theoretical circles. In response to the evolution of the connotation of neo-liberalism and the specific practice of China’s reform and opening up at different stages, China’s criticism of neo-liberalism has different focuses at different times, and has criticized neo-liberalism’s economic theory, po? litical theory, ideological theory and its misconceptions about the achievements of China’s reform and opening up. It can be said that the analysis and criticism of neo-liberalism have been carried out throughout the process of China’s reform and opening up.