In the era of knowledge economy, people’s mode of labor is undergoing profound changes and intel? lectual labor is now widely adopted. For that matter, an increasing number of scholars have a new analysis of Marx’s labor theory of value based on the background of the present era. Marx’s theory of labor value focuses on the analysis of human labor practice under the background of the machine industry in the early stage of capital? ism. However, Marx’s theory of labor value is detailed in its extensibility and foresight of possible changes in fu? ture modes of labor. Therefore, it is urgent to criticize the theory of“outdated labor value”and“replacement theory of intellectual labor”from the perspective of Marx’s theory of labor value itself, its research methods and the application in present society (that is, the practical perspective).