To scientifically grasp the major innovative assertion that“the main contradiction of our society has been transformed into the contradiction between the people’s growing need for a better life and the inadequate and unbalanced development”，we should recognize the practical basis of its development and evolution from the historical review of the main contradictory theory of our society，and from the course of the 40 years reform and opening up，its interaction with the“Five Development Concepts”to lead the development of social development and its coordination with the“Five in One”development layout，we should also understand the major global and historical significance of the major contradictions in the new era through multiple dimensions．