Under the guidance of the overall national security concept, this paper analyzes the systemic risk, the value risk, the technical risk and the potential risk in the network security, and analyzes the generation logic of the network security risk. Among them, the network discreteness leads to the enhancement of security risk variability, grabbing the power and interests causes the deepening of network security risk penetration, and the network resonance effect intensifies the risk diffusion. Finally, the paper constructs a comprehensive path of network security risk management from the aspects of improving institutional capacity, explaining ability, technical ability and transformation of governance.