In 2017, the report of the Nineteenth CPC National Congress raised the “modernization with harmonious coexistence between man and nature”, emphasizing to establish firmly the concept of socialist ecological civilization and to promote the new modernization pattern of harmonious development between man and nature. However, as a developing country, China, with economic development task and severe ecological environment problems, is inevitably confronted with many difficulties. The new era demands new modernization.“The modernization with harmonious coexistence between man and nature”, despite of various challenges, will be surely achieved, because it is a new modernization pattern in accordance with the needs of ecological civilization. What we need to do is to further analyze and demonstrate its connotations, advantages, and challenges, as well as its implementation strategies, so as to serve the great renaissance of the Chinese nation.