Marx and Engels explained the development of social organization in the process of revealing concept of historical materialism. Marx and Engels’ theory of social organization shows that social organization is an inevitable outcome of commodity economy, that the nature and feature of social organization is determined by the economic foundation on which it exists and develops, and that social organization is an important form to realize the allround development of human being as well as an important carrier of democracy development and social vitality. Indepth exploration of Marx and Engels’s thought of social organization plays an important theoretical and practical part in displaying the role of social organizations in the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics.