At the beginning of the Republic of China, many affairs were left to be solved. In order to carry out the educational laws, regulations, and reform measures of the government of the Republic of China and to guide and push the development of education, it was urgent and significant to establish educational administrative institutes from the central to the local governments at all levels. Influenced by modern educational philosophy, western political and educational thoughts and promoted vigorously by educators and nongovernmental organizations, educational administrative institutions were constructed at a higher speed, organizational structure was gradually improved, objectives and obligations were gradually specified, supervision system was gradually standardized, and operation mechanism was gradually consummated. From 1912 to 1923, an educational administration structure was gradually formed with a clear hierarchy, a rational structure, a specific labor -division, and an orderly operation, thus promoting the administration of educational affairs and educational system reform.