The awakening of ecological consciousness is the shaping of inner concept made by human beings un? der the influence of nature. The cultivation of ecological consciousness is that after the development of ecological civilization reaching a certain stage, human beings consciously and actively use laws, policies, media and mar? kets to impose constraint, consciousness transformation, incentive and guidance on human behavior. The awak? ening of ecological consciousness has experienced several stages. In the era of primitive civilization and agricul? tural civilization, it is shown by the ignorance and awe towards nature. In the era of industrial civilization, it is shown by the reflection on the destruction of ecological environment and the re-examination of the relationship between man and nature. In the era of ecological civilization, the modern ecological consciousness represented by the concept of“clear waters and green mountains are invaluable assets”has begun to guide people to scientifi? cally understand the relationship between ecological protection and social economy, and dialectically understand the relationships between man and nature, and that between people. Modern ecological consciousness takes people as the starting point and end point of ecological environmental protection, advocates the concept of life community, and carries out collaborative protection and global governance. In the cultivation of ecological envi? ronment, the media should play the role of information transmission and knowledge popularization to enhance people’s ecological science awareness, play the role of publicity and education and thinking constraints to awaken ecological moral awareness, and stimulate the awareness of ecological participation with the help of demonstration and persuasion and case guidance.