The eradication of poverty, the improvement of people’s lives and the gradual realization of joint prosperity are the essential demands of socialism and important missions of the Communist Party of China. From the historical perspective, the three major stages of poverty reduction in China means it has stood up, grown rich and become strong. From the theoretical point, targeted poverty alleviation adheres to the peoplecentered approach of development, and with“four major issues”being as its core, it has expanded“three trains of thought”. In terms of the practical aspect, the practices of targeted poverty alleviation, targeted poverty elimination and poverty combat have set up a Chinese example, provided Chinese solutions and contributed Chinese strength. Understanding the original intention and mission of the CPC from the perspective of targeted poverty alleviation must firmly grasp the Chinese people’s sense of happiness and gain. The missions and responsibilities of the Chinese Communists must be practiced in order to win the battle against poverty, follow the path of common prosperity and achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.