The May 4th Movement was not only an anti-imperialist and patriotic movement, but also an ideological enlightenment movement. Marxism gained wider spread in the movement, and China’s working class officially stepped onto the historical stage. If one wants to give an in-depth exploration of the ideological preparation made by the May 4th Movement for the founding and development of the Chinese Communist Party and the recognition of the historical significance of the Movement, it is necessary to focus on and understand the historical facts of the May 4th Movement in four aspects: criticizing and inheriting the traditional Chinese culture, inheriting and practicing the fighting spirit of the October Revolution, criticizing anti-Marxism thoughts such as“anarchism”and formally opening the historical process of adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions. Therefore, we realize that the May 4th spirit with patriotism as its core plays an important role in leading young people in the new era to strengthen their ideas and beliefs and continue to make unremitting efforts to realize the Chinese dream of national rejuvenation.