Based on the 30 inter-provincial panel data of China from 2009 to 2017, we use the spatial measurement model and the panel threshold model to study the relationship between technology finance investment, technological innovation and economic growth. The results show that: ① there are spatial spillover effects and lag effects in China’s economic growth. ② the investment in science and technology finance and technological innovation will promote the economic growth of a region and its neighboring regions; the cooperative effect between the two will help promote economic growth in both regions. ③ there are threshold effects on the economic growth effects of technology finance investment and technological innovation. When they develop in coordination, they can play a better role in promoting economic growth.